A spinach leaf can turn light into chemical energy. A struggling heart cannot. Researchers in China have brought part of the ...

Cells get nutrients from their environment, but where do those nutrients come from? Virtually all organic material on Earth has been produced by cells that convert energy from the Sun into ...

Plants fix 258 billion tons of CO 2 in their chloroplasts through photosynthesis every year. For these cell organelles to work properly, they require certain minerals—particularly ions of the metals ...